Discovery of a subearth and the source of intrinsic heat of the hot Jupiters
Szilárd Csizmadia
Institute of Planetary Research,
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany


This talk will summarize some of the recent research progress at DLR-EPA which covers two related topics.

The first results is the detection of an ultralight and ultrashort-period exoplanet which has a radius of 0.718 Earth-radii, 0.546 Earth-masses and it orbits an M-dwarf (orbital period is 7.7 hours). The radial velocity amplitude is only 79.8 ± 11.0 cm/s. This subEarth is the second smallest exoplanet in terms of well-determined mass. (The current record-holder has an RV-amplitude of 46 cm/s). This mass determination highlights the ability of the HARPS spectrograph to reach sub-meter precision in the radial velocity determination. This was possible because of the simultaneous application of the wavelet-method to clean the light curve and to get the 0.03% deep transit and the Floating Chunk Offset-method to clean the radial velocity curve from stellar activity noise. This means a step forward to future characterization of Earth-like planets around solar like stars with the future space mission PLATO.

The second result was reached also by the application of the wavelet-based light curve cleaning method. We cleaned light curves of two stars orbited by hot Jupiters. This allowed us to detect the precise phase/curves and their occultations. We were able to give lower limit for the heat-redistribution factor and upper limit for the Bond-albedo. We also determined the intrinsic temperature of these planets and we wound that it is high (>2000 K). We found that residual heat, gravitional contraction, inflation process driven by ohmic dissipation and eccentric tides are not able to explain these high intrinsic tempeartures. In the talk we provide our explanation what may cause the observed temperatures.

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